Laboratory Solutions for Material Science
 
  
 
Thermal Properties

Thermal Analysis

All materials change their physical properties and their chemical characteristics under the influence of temperature.

Thermal Analysis methods systematically analyze these changes by application of programmed temperature variations for heating and cooling, and by application of specified sample atmospheres and pressures. The properties most often studied are specific heat and enthalpy changes, weight loss or weight gain, Young's modulus, thermal expansion or shrinkage and gas evolution.

Knowledge of the thermophysical properties of solids and liquids has become very important for a sustainable energy industry and process economy. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity measurements for insulating and for good conducting materials supply the data basis for engineering calculations and practical application of construction parts. The temperature-contingent information on material properties determined by Thermal Analysis methods allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the identification of materials as well as their purity and composition, polymorphism and structural changes, thermal stability and temperature limits of application, aging behavior, thermomechanical behavior and viscoelastic properties, and processing conditions for shaping, casting, molding and extrusion. This comprehensiveness in material characterization encompasses all kinds of applications of Thermal Analysis for samples of organic, inorganic and biological origin. It is a very seldom occurrence that a sample cannot be tested successfully with any of the Thermal Analysis techniques.

NETZSCH Analyzing & Testing is focused on the development of versatile, reliable and sensitive instruments for material research, development, quality control and failure analysis. Our broad application know-how is transferred to our customers by means of demonstration or contract testing, application books for different materials or industrial branches, or directly and personally in seminars, workshops and users' meetings. In addition to laboratory techniques for Thermal Analysis and Thermophysical Properties, NETZSCH also offers online process control techniques for reacting resin systems based on the change of dielectric properties and ion mobility.

Thermal Analysis

Differential Scanning Calorimetry / Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC / DTA)
DSC and DTA quantitatively determine conversion temperatures and enthalpies for solids and liquids by measuring the heat flows to both the sample and to a reference as a function of temperature and time.
Thermogravimetry (TGA, TG)
Thermogravimetry (TGA, TG) determines the temperature- and time-dependent changes in the mass of a sample that occur during a specific temperature program and in a defined atmosphere. The respective instrument is called a thermobalance.
Simultaneous Thermogravimetry - Differential Scanning Calorimetry STA (TG-DSC)
STA denotes the concurrent application of two or more measuring methods to the same sample. The classic simultaneous method is the combination of thermogravimetry with DSC or DTA.
Dilatometry / Thermomechanical Analysis (DIL / TMA)
For precise measurements of dimensional changes on solids, dilatometry (DIL) is the method of choice. With thermomechanical analysis (TMA), the loading can additionally be adjusted.
Dynamic-Mechanical Analysis / Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMA / DMTA)
Dynamic-Mechanical Analysis (DMA) / Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) measures visco-elastic properties by applying an oscillating force to the sample.
Dielectric Analysis (DEA)
Dielectric Analysis (DEA) measures changes in dipole orientation and ion mobility in polymers and cross-linked systems by stimulation with an alternating voltage via sensor electrodes. The DEA method can also be used for online-processes (e.g. cure monitoring) with a suitable sensor technique.

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